Protests erupted in cities across the Middle East and North Africa. At least six people were reported killed and dozens injured in Iraq; thousands took to the streets in the Yemeni capital, Sana'a; and Egyptians gathered in Cairo's Tahrir Square to demand an accelerated reform programme.
Iraq
Anger over corruption and abysmal basic services erupted in a "day of rage", with the most serious clashes in Mosul and Hawija, in the north, and Basra in the south. At least six people were killed – three in Mosul and three in Hawija – and 75 injured in clashes with security services as protesters tried to attack government buildings.
Thousands of people made their way to the city's Tahrir Square, but soldiers had closed it off with razor wire, using percussion grenades and firing in the air in an attempt to disperse crowds.
Lina Ali, 27, told Reuters: "The education system is bad. The health system is also bad. Services are going from bad to worse." Protesters complained of high unemployment, a shortage of drinking water and frequent power cuts.
In Basra, the city's governor, Shaltagh Abboud, said he would resign after 18 people were wounded in skirmishes between the 4,000 protesters and state security. A curfew was imposed until 6am tomorrow. There were also clashes in Falluja and Nassiriya.
Nouri al-Maliki, the prime minister, warned demonstrators they would become victims of al-Qaida and pro-Saddam violence.
Muntadar al-Zaidi, the Iraqi journalist who threw his shoes at George Bush, was arrested in Baghdad after travelling from Beirut to take part in the Day of Rage.
Yemen
Tens of thousands of protesters in Sana'a called for an end to the 32-year reign of President Ali Abdullah Saleh. It was the biggest pro-democracy rally in Yemen's recent history. But small, yet violent, protests have been taking place across the country since Egypt's Hosni Mubarak resigned two weeks ago.
Local media reported 30,000 anti-government demonstrators in Sana'a and more than 100,000 nationwide. Students, tribesmen, opposition activists and young professionals flooded the streets around Sana'a University, where protesters have been camped out since Sunday. "The people want the regime to fall," they shouted, rising from their knees after a Friday prayer to mourn the deaths of two men shot dead on Tuesday by pro-Saleh supporters. The protest was peaceful, though at times tense. Protesters want better living conditions as well as political reform.
One banner read simply: "Look at the gap between the rich and poor."
Riot police who tried to seize an anti-government protester had to fire in the air to dispel angry students demanding his release.
A few miles away, state media were out in force to film 10,000 middle-aged men, many carrying batons, marching up and down the streets yelling: "Saleh means stability." These government loyalists, including impoverished tribesmen bussed in from far away, have been in Sana'a's Tahrir Square for more than a month, holding rallies for which they have been given food, drink, and the placards, and accommodated in giant beige marquees. Anti-government protesters claim the loyalists are balataj, hired thugs, but Yemeni authorities deny any connection with the armed men.
Saleh has told his security forces to protect both sets of demonstrators and prevent any further clashes between them.
Egypt
Activists returned to Tahrir Square in their thousands to demand a faster pace to reforms. They want a new cabinet to replace one that includes many figures from the Mubarak regime. According to Al Jazeera they singled out the prime minister, Ahmed Shafik, who, they said, was hand-picked by Mubarak; and they want the former president, believed to be holed up in his Sharm el-Sheikh villa, to be put on trial and held accountable for his 31 years of rule,. They also want political prisoners released.
The ruling military council has promised elections within six months. "We do not want Shafik any more, even if they shoot us with bullets," activists chanted. "Revolution until victory, revolution against Shafik and the palace."
Tunisia
In the centre of Tunis, tens of thousands demanded the resignation of the prime minister, Mohamed Ghannouchi, seen as an ally of the ousted president. The uprising that forced former president Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali to flee on 14 January after 23 years in power was the catalyst for regional revolt. "Shame on the government!" and "Ghannouchi step down," they shouted. Witnesses said it was the biggest protest since Ben Ali's departure, when demonstrations were banned. Activists also protested against the bloody crackdown by forces loyal to Libya's Muammar Gaddafi. Thousands of Libyans have fled to Tunisia.
Jordan
In the capital, Amman, 5,000 protested, demanding political reform. "Reform has become a necessity that cannot wait," said Sheikh Hamza Mansour, the head of the Islamic Action Front, the country's largest opposition group, at a rally. "It's the demand of all Jordanians," he added. Protestors chanted: "The people want to reform the regime", "we want a fair electoral law", and "people want an elected government".
Bahrain
There were tens of thousands of anti-government protesters in Manama, adding to pressure for sweeping democratic change during two weeks of demonstrations in the strategic Gulf island kingdom. At least two marches converged on Manama's landmark Pearl Square, the focal point of the uprising – the largest show of opposition strength so far.
Security forces made no immediate attempt to halt the marchers in an apparent sign that Bahrain's rulers do not want to risk more bloodshed and denunciations from their Western allies.
Bahrain is the first Gulf state to be thrown into turmoil by the Arab world's wave of change. The government had declared Friday a day of mourning for the seven people killed in clashes since 14 February.
Many protesters waved Bahrain's red-and-white flag, chanting: "No dialogue before the government is dissolved," and "For Bahrain's future, we are not afraid to be killed."
One procession split into separate groups of men and black-robed women, passing skyscrapers adorned with images of the nation's ruling family.
Some demonstrators called on the US to do more to support their cause. "These people are fighting for freedom," said Hussain Isa al-Saffar, 25. "The US … should be supporting freedom here."
The White House said the national security adviser, Tom Donilon, spoke with Bahrain's crown prince, Salman bin Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, on Thursday stating the US's support for reforms through dialogue with opposition groups. The US chairman of the joint chiefs of staff, Admiral Mike Mullen, also held talks with Bahraini leaders Thursday.
In Pearl Square, a massive Bahraini flag was hoisted along with the phrase "martyrs' square" in Arabic, a reference to those killed by security forces. Graphic photos of the dead were posted in the square, and a noose was fashioned around a portrait of Bahrain's prime minister.
Palestine
The Palestinian Authority (PA) had authorised a Day of Rage to protest against the US veto of a UN security council resolution condemning Israeli settlements, but that was called off without explanation.
An unofficial protest on Thursday in Ramallah, the main city in the West Bank, demanded unity between the two main factions, Fatah and Hamas, as well as "liberation".
Analysts say the Fatah-dominated PA and Gaza's Hamas government are nervously watching uprisings elsewhere in the region. Palestinians in both Gaza and the West Bank complain of repression.